Swell-regulating mechanism for organs.



W. E. HASKELL. SWELL REGULATING MECHANISM FOR ORGANS.

. k n E 7 m n] @Z a s 7 7 Patented Oct. 15, I918.

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' SWELL REGULATING MECHANISM FOR ORGANS.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM E. KASKELL, 0F BRATTLEBORO, VERMONT, ASSIGNOR T0 ES'IEY ORGAN COM- PANY, OF BRATTLEBORO, VERMONT. A CORPORATION OF VERMONT.

SWELL-REGULATING MECHANISMI IOfi OBGANS.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, \VILLIAM E. HASKELL, of Brattleboro, in the county of Windham and State of Vermont, have invented a new and Improved SwelLRegul-ating Mechanism for Organs, of which the following is. a

specification.

The objectof the present invention is to automatically control the swell shades of an organ which is played from a perforated note sheet. In accordance with the present invention the tracker over whic the note sheet travels is provided with oles additional to thosecmployed for governing the sounding devices oi. the organ, thesespecial holes cooperating with special apertures in the note sheet. These special holes through regulating mechanism control the opening and closing of the shutters or shades of the swell box or boxes. i

'The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1',is,a cross section of. a tracker box illustrating the tracker, the music and take up rolls and the note sheet Fig. 2, is a cross section of a tube bar illustrating an electric switch which is pneumatically controlled from the tracker. Fig. 3, is a front view of one end of the tracker illustrating the extra holes which are employed for controlling the shade-regulating mechanism. Fig. il, is a plan view, partly in section, of the shade regulating mechanism. Fig. 5, is a side view partly in section of the shade regulating mechanism.

Fig. 7 is a-vertical cross section of the shade regulating mechanism in the plane indicated bythe line 7 --7.in Fig. 5. Fig. 8, is a horizontal sectionillustrating the shade actuating mechanism. Fig. 9, is a vertical section in the plane indicated by the line 99 in Fig. 8.

The swell shades are automatically governed from a selector consisting of a traveling apertured note sheet. A, (Fig. cooperating in the usual manner Wll'h a tracker B, having two rows of holes. 'During automatic playing the box C, inclosing the tracker air tight, and contains air under pressure. The tracker near one end has two special holes a. and b (Fig. 3). by means of which the shades are controlled.

Each of these holes commumcates by a tube Specification of Letters rate at.

Fig. 6, is an end view of the shade regulating mechanlsm. 4

Patented Oct. 15, 1-918.

Application filed February 7, 1917. Serial No. 147,082.

a, with a channel cl (Fig. 2), in a tube bar D. Each channel (I, communicates with the interior ofa primary pneumatic-E, consisting of a sliding metal cup. \Vhen an aperture in the note sheet reglsters'witlrone of the special holes, say a, in the tracker, air flows through pipe 0, and channel d, into the pneumatic which lifts, and closes an electric switch controlled by the pneumatic and (on the same tube bar D, or on a different tube bar,) is lifted and a second circuit is ,closed leading to the regulating mechanism, and certain of the shades are opened as de termined by the regulating mechanism. 7

In practice, the swell actuating mechanisin has been applied to an organ in which the pipes belonging to the swell organ have been inclosed in onechamber or box and the pipes belonging to the great organ have been inclosed in a secondcbamber or box. Each of these boxes is equipped'with shutters or shades andby the openin and closing of the shades or a portion of t cm the volume of sound from both departments is regulated. In the case of the specific organ illustrated, each chamber hasseven shades and the regulating mechanismis constructed to automatically openjand close variably the seven shades of; each chamber. shades are alike'and actuated 1n the same manner. Accordingly, in Fig. 8, the note ating mechanism for a single shade. F, only, is illustrated. ',As shown in Fig. 8, the shade F, is pivoted so as to swing on a ver tical axis 1, and it has a crank arm m. This crank arm is connected by .a link G, and

= All of the connecting rod U, to the outer end of a lever H, pivoted at n, to 'a stationary board.

Thelever H, is acted upon by a spring I,

which normally (that is when the (mgan 1s not in use) mainta ns the lever H, rod U,

link G, and shade F, in the position illustratcd, by full lines in Fig. 8; hence nor mally maintaining the shade F, opened.

' The lever H, is connected by a link J, to the movable board of a pneumatic motor, K, which is normally maintained collapsed by the spring I. As shown in Fig. 9, the interior of the bellows communicates by a pipe L,and' assage M, through aport o, with a. suppl ox N, containing air under pressure and t rough a port 7), with the atmosphere.

The ports 0 and p, are controlled by connected valves 0 and P, which are connected with the movable board of a pneumatic Q.

Normally the pneumatic Q,'-is collapsed and the valve 0, closes the port 0, whereas the valve P, is open so that the motor K, is vented through the port 7), to the open air. The interior of the-pneumatic Q, communi.-

cates by a passage 9, with a channel 7*, which is normally vented to the open air through a *vent .9. This channel 1', communicates through a passage t, Witha chamber R, containing air under pressure. The vent 8, and. passage t, are controlled by a valve S, which is in turn governed by an electro-magnet T,

of the olenoid type. Normally the valve S,

closes the passage 25, leaving the vent 8, open. In case, however, that the magnet T, is en. ergized by the closing of the electric-circuit which includes it,the valve S, is lifted therei by closing the vent a, and establishing cornmumcation between thellltGllOP-Of the-pneus matic Q, and the pressure chamber R, through. passage q, channel 1-, and passage t.

closing the shade F, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 8. The shade'F re nains closed so long as electric current flowsthrough the electro-magnet T. (When thecurrent is cut off, the valve S, drops thereby closing the passage t, and ventin channel r, to the open air through -vent s. onsequentl the pneumatic Q, collapses by gravity, vs. vs Q, closes and valve P, opens. The pneumatic K, is thus vented to the open air, and the spring I, collapses the motor K, and the shade F, is opened. There is a similar electr'o-magnet T, valve S, motor K,'and spring I, foreach shade 1F, so that the illustration of one set of shade actuating mechanisms suflices for all.

In practice the actuating mechanism forthe shades is arranged in two groups, one for each of the pipe-containing chambers of the organ. Also, the several pneumatic motors K, and the connections therewith employed than the one illustrated; this This regulator when the menace at successively difle'rent heights so as not to interfere with each other. Fig. 9, for example, indicates a pipe L extending upwardly so as to shpply air to a motor K, higher up pipe L being similar in function to the pipe L.

The shade regulating mechanism is shown magnet T, of each shade, a wire 1, leads to a sprlng terminal 2 (Fig. 4.). There are as many of these terminals as there are shades,

fourteen being shown in Fig.4. As there shown, they are arranged in three groups X, Y, and Z, there being eight in group X,

four in group .Y, and two in group Z.

a single.

in Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7 From the controlling All of these terminals are adapted to co 7 operate with a single movable regulator. 3.

is in permanent electrical connection with one pole of a generat0r by means of spring contact 4, and wire"- 5. As shown organ. is in .use

in .the drawings, the-regulator 3;, is a} slid I ing metal plate, which can be moved so as to contact with none of the terminals 2, or successively with the several-groups X, Y, and Z. As shown in Fig. 4, the regulator is in contact with none of'the terminals 2, and hence all of the shades are-open.v This is desirable because when the organ is idle the pipe chambers are ventilated through the open shades.

The I, regulator 3, has a group of three shoulders fi,-'7 and 8', which cooperate with an ad'vancinfiractuatortl (Figs, 4, '5 and 6) and-a secon.

in actuator'13 he wirei from the primary pneumatic E, controlled by the tracker hole 0., leads to an electrosmagnet'M, of the solenoid type,

group of three shoulders 10,; 11, and 12, wlnch coiiperate with a retractand when tha'tpneumatic is lifted a valve 15 (Fig: 6) connected with the core of mag net '14, is lifted. When the valve 15, is lifted, air passes frornanair chamber 16 (Fig. .6), containin'g air under pressure, through tube 17, and assages' 18- and 19, to a pneumatic-20, w ich Ithereupon expanda, [The advancing actuator 9, is connected to the movableboard of the pneumatic 20,.and, hence, whe'nthat neumatic expands, the actuator i's'lowere -'until it comes in contact with the regulator '3, just back of (to the right of, as in Fig. 5) theshoulder'SL. The'actuator' 9, is of metal;

and, when it touches the live regulator 3, the electric current flows through spring 21 (connected with the actuator), rod 22, and

' 'wire 23, to theelectro-ma net 24, and the thereof t en lifts. Therevalve 25 (Fig. 7)

rom chamber 16, through upon, air flows tube 26, and passages 27 and 28, to the in: a

comple'ting circuits therethrough, and closing the corresponding shades, four iii the swell chamber for the swell organ, and four in the swell chamber for the greatorgan.

When the travel of the note sheet covers the tracker hole a,.the corresponding channel (l, in thetube bar I) (Fig 2), is vented at the bleed j, and primary pneumatic E, dro s thus breaking the circuit which inclu es the ma et 14. Thereupon, the valve 15, drops thus venting the passage 19 and the pneumatic 20, collapsing the pnelunatic;

ator'9, above the re K ders 6, 7 and 8. a through the magnet 24, and its valve and the spring 21 (Fig. 5 lifts the actulator 3, and its shoulhis breaks the circuit drops thus venting passage 28 and motor 29, which then collapses under the influence This swings the ofspring 31 ,(Fig. 5).

, to the right lower end of the actuator 9 5); and, since the regulator is left in l of the terminals 2, of groupX, thus (Iii its first advanced position contacting with,

the terminuls of group X, the lower end of the actuator 9, is nowabove the space between the shoulders 7 and 8. a

The eflect of this forward step of the regulator isle-connect all of the terminals of group X, with 'the electric generator and hence to close four shades in each of the two pipe inclosing chambers of the organ. In'case thenmsical composition next demands still softer playing a second aperture in the note sheet uncovers the same hole a, in the tracker with the result that the actu .ator 9, is again depressed into contact with the regulator, and is moved again to the left, this time acting upon shoulder 7, and thus moving the regulator a further step forward thereby bringing it into contact with the terminals 2, of the second group Y. The

. result is to. close two additional shades in each of the two pipe inclosing chambers with thc resultthat a stillless volume of sound is produced. In case themusical coma position then requires the stiftest playing fixed rod 36. thewire magnet 38. This magnet 38, bein thus energized another aperture in the note sheet for the third time uncovers the hole a, in. the

tracker; and, consequently, the actuator 9, is again lowered into contact with the regulator and, as it this time is behind the third shoulder on this third movement .of the actuator 9, to the left the regulator is moved forward another step thus coming intocontact with the terminals of group Z, and

hence closing the remaining shades.

In case the musical composition requires louder playingand hence the opening of the. shades, the regulatoris moved backwardly, that is to SM, toward the right as shown in Figs. 4 and 5 This backward movement of the regulator is effected through the uncov- "ering of the hole I) (Fig. 3), in the tracker by means of a registering aperture in the note sheet. This results in pneumaticallyclosing a circuit by a second primary pneumatic E, and its coiiperating spring contact c, this circuit including a wire h (Fig. 5), which leads to another electro-magnet 32,01?

the shade-regulating mechanism. Thereupon the valve controlled by this magnet is lifted and a pneumatic 34, is thereby. ut in communication through pipe 33, with t e air chamber 16, so that the pneumatic 34 is "expanded, and the actuator 13, connected therewith is lowered into contact with the regulater 3. This actuator 13, being likewise an electric conductor, an electric circuit is closed which includes, the spring 35, the

3'1, and the electro- ,avalve connected therewit is lifted, and air then flows from theair chamber 16, through pipe 39, and passage 40, to the interior of the bellows 41 constituting the retracting. motor. The motor 41, then expands thereby moving the connected link 42, to the right. This link 42, is connected with the actuator 13, in just the same, waves the link 30, is connected with the actuator 9. Consequently the actuator 13,'is moved one step to the right. During this movement the actuator 13, will encounter one of the shoulders 10, or 11, or 12, dependingupon the number of steps which the regulator had i been advanced under the action of the actuator 9. For example, if the actuator 9, had

acted but once through cooperation with shoulder 6, then the shoulder '10,wo'uld have been positioned to bring it within the action of the retracting actuator 13, Said actuator 13, acting upon shoulder 10, moves the regulator 3, backwardly (to the right) one step and to just the same extent that the ad vaneing actuator 9, had previously. moved the regulator to the left; Likewise, if the actuator 9, had moved twice, the shoulder ll, would have been brought into cotiperative relationwith the retracting actuator if the advancing actuator 9, had been removed three times the shoulder 12, would regulator is at its extreme forward position contacting with all of the terminals 2, then the first movement of the retracting factu ator 13, would move the regulator one step to the right, and hencecut out the group Z, of ter minals thereby opening the corresponding shades. Then, if the musical Composition demanded'still louder playing, a second hole in the note sheet would register with the tracker hole 6, and the retracting actuator 13, would move the regulator another steYp.

' backward. This would cut out the group of terminals and the result would be to open the shades coiiperating therewith. Finally,

if the musical composition"demanded the loudest playing the actuator 13, would again be brought into play by another aperture in the note sheet again uncovering the tracker hole "6, with the result that the selector 3,

would be moved backwardly to its extreme extent, thereby cutting out the group X, of terminals with the result that the remaining shades would be opened.

*ple, however,

' If it is important to pass rapidly from the position where the shades are all open to the osition where they are all closed, apertures 1n the note sheet are placed close together so as to open the tracker hole a, in rapid sucsession until the regulator has been moved its entire extent. Similarly, if the musical composition requires that there should be an immediate passage from the softest to the loudest playing, a'succession of apertures in the note sheet arranged close together coop-- crate with the tracker hole 2), so as to give retracting movements to the regulator in re id" succession. 4

appropriate locationof the apertures in the note sheet registering with the holes a and, b, in the tracker, the shades are controlled in any desired order for the desired interpretation of the musical composition which is played note sheet. j

More than three groups of the terminals 2, may be provided with a corresponding -in-' crease in the shoulders on the regulator and of the step-bv-step movement of the regula tor, thereby increasing the variations in the volume of sound. The :tourvariations supplied by the illustrated construction are amfor the general run of nrusi cal'compositions. Whatever the number of variations may I suflice to effect them.

' All, four of the, electro-magnets 14, 24,

' 32 and 38, are connectedwith a common bus bar 43,,wh ich is connected'by Wire 44,

with one pole of the electric generator. regulator 33, has a longitudinal slot 45, through'which passes a fixed stud 46 (Figs.

valve S governing the supply of air to said regulator one step, mg n opposite direct-ions so asto move said under the control ofthe be, two holes in the tracker The . and 7), which limits the forward, and backward movements of the regulator. The regulator is uided at its longitudinal side edges by fixeguides at? (Fig.

The retracting motor a1, is collapsed by the same spring 31, which collapses the advancing motor 29. Thecxtent of expansion of each bellows is determined by an adjustable padded stop l8 (Fig. 5), so that each actuator 9 or 13, is moved to the corrcct extent required to move the regulator a single step. Each stop 48, is adjustably mounted on a cross bar l9, supported at opposite ends by the two guides l7, and ex shades F, a pneumatic motor -K Connected with each shade, a spring I actins on each motor to collapse it and open tie ecu-respending shade, an air supply box X communicating with each motor, a valve 0 controlling the supply of air to each motor, a pneumatic Q. for operating each valve, a said pneumatic, and an clec-tro-magnct T governing the movement of said valve, in combination with shade-regulating mechanism comprising fla, )lurality of terminals 2 each in. connnunicaion wii'lronc of said magnets, said terminals being arranged in groups, a movable regulator 3 adapted. to cooperate with said groups of terminals successively but normally out ofcoiipcration with all of them, two groups of spaced shoulders 6, 7,

S and 10, 11, 1-2 on said regulator, an actu' ator for each group of shoulders, a pneumatic connected with each actuator and acting when cxpandcdto bring said actuator into contact \vithsa-id regulator alongside one of said shoulders, a bellows connected with each actuator and acting. when ex i'andcd to move its actuator so as to move the two bellows movregula'tor either forward or back depending upon which actuator is active, an air chamber 16 which supplies air to said pneumatics and bellows, an electrically actuated valve for each pneumatic and bellows governing the supply of air from the chamber thereto, an: electro-magnet controlling each valve, and circuit connections between the magnet for. each bellows and. the corresponding actuator, the circuit thcrethrough being closed by the actuator coming into contact with. the

regulator; a tracker having two special holes, an electrical switch cooperating with each hole, a pneumatic controlling each switch, a pipe leading from each of said tracker holes to one of said neumatics, and a circuit connection from each switch to one of the magnets which governs the pneu matic which acts tobring the corresponding actuator into contact with the regulator.

i a lator adapt to coope of -terminals successively but norma Icing when expanded to brin 25, matics and bellows, an electrically actuated 21A note sheet layed organ having a shades, and electrics. ly controlleddevices Y tormoving'ach of them, in combination with-shade regulating mechanism compris- 5 ing electric terminals one for each shade 1 n communication with the respective electnc controlling devices therefor, said terminals being arran in roups, a movable reguratewith said groups 1 y out ,lofcooperation with all of them, two groups -of spaced shoulders--on-said regulator, an actuator "for each group of shoulders, a new matic connected with each actuator an actsaid actuator into contact with said regu ator alongside one of said shoulders, a bellows connected with each actuator and acting when expended to move its actuator so as to more i n; said regulator one step, the two bellows movinmin opposite directions sofas tomovesaid a regulator either forward orbackdependingilnpon which actuator is active, an air chamber ,which supplies air to said pneu ,valveforieach pneumatic and bellows govarningthe supplv of airirom the chamber thereto, electro-magnet controlling each,

valve, circuit connections between the magnet for e'a'chbellows and theaborresponding actuator, the circuit therethrough being 1 clos'edfby, the actuator coming ,intocontact with the regulator; a tracker! aving two special holes, an electrical switch cooperatas ing witheach hole, a pneumatic controlling each switch, a pipe leading from each of i said tracker holes to one of said neumatics, and, a circuit connection from eacliswitch to oneof the magnets which governs" the- 40 pneumatic which acts .to bring the correspending actuator into contact with the regulator. w i a BJA note a sheet played organ having shades, ,and electrically controlled devices for moving each of them, in combination with shade regulating mechanism compris} ing electric terminals one for'each shade in Frominunication with the respective electric fontrolling devices therefor,'said terminals "icing arranged in, groups, a movable regus lator adapted to cooperate with said oups' iof terminale successively but norma y out of ooiimration' with. all ,of them,two groups shoulders on said regulator, a n-n acted with each actuator an actid shoulders, owe connected h H h hactuator and acting-when expauded'i'fto, "move its actuator, so as to move we either forward or back depending actuator is active, an air chain bring t e corresponding actuator into con- I30 j tor adapted to cooperate with said,

connected with .each actuatorv and" acting a magnet forieach bellows and the corres 0nd '1 10 r arch group of shoulders, a neuexpanded 'said actuator? ct with said rel gator alongside" .lator step by st 1,281,564 i l B.

an electric switch coiipe'rating with each hole and an electrical circuit closed by each switch and including one of the magnets which overns the pnemnatic which acts to tact with the regulator.

4. A note sheet, played organ having shades, and electrically controlled devices for moving each of them, in combination withshade regulating mechanism com r1s ing electric terminals one for each shat e in communication with the respective electric controlling devices therefor, said terminals being arranged in groups, a movable regulaups of .90 terminals successively but normal y out of coiiper'ation withall of them, two oppositely moving actuatorz acting to move said regupin op site directions, a pneumatic connected witli each actuator and acting when expandedflto bringsaid actuator into contact with said regulator, a bellows when expanded to move its actuator so as to a move said regulator one step, the two bellows "1'00 moving 1n opposite directions sons to move said regulator either forward or back depending upon which' actuator; is active, a chamber which supplies air to said pneumatics and bellows, an electric-all? actuated 106 valve for each neumatic and be oursgov erning'the supp y of air from the chamber thereto, an electrosmag net controlling each valve, and circuitvconn'ecti'ons between the ingjactuator, the circuit therethroughr eing 9 closed by the" actuator coming into contact with the regulator; a trackerhaving two;

special holes, an electric-switch coiiperating with each hole, and -an electrical circuit clbsed by each switch andincluding oneflof the magnets which overn suthe neumatic 1 which actstobrlngt ccorrespon ingactu ator into contact Wlbh the regulator 5. A;- note sheet playedfioi' an having shades, and-electrically controlle devices for movingeach of them, iri-combination= with; shade" regulating ech anism" comprising electric .termmals one for each shade in com- ,munication with the respectiveelg'ctric con- 'd're'gulatqr one step, the two bellows movopposite directions so as to movb said moving actuators acting to movesaid regutrolling devices therefor, said terminals be- ,irzige arranged in groups, a movable regulator a a pted to cooperate with said groups of terminals successively, and '-two oppositely shades, said terminals being arranged in" closed by each switch and including the controlling means for the corresponding actuator.

6. An automatically played organ having shades, and electrically controlled devices for moving them, in combination with shade-regulating mechanismcomprising 'mcving'the regulator step by step in opposite directions, and automatically controlled means for moving said actuating means in opposite directions.

7. An automatically played or an having shades, and electrically control ed devices for moving the-m,'in combination with shade regulating mechanism comprising electrical terminals for the shades in communication with the electrical devices controlling the groups, a movable regulator adapted to cooperate with said groups of terminals suc-f cessively, two oppositely moving actuators 1 acting to move the regulator step by step in opposite directions, a pneumatic connected with each actuatorand acting when expanded to bringsaid actuator into contact with said regulator, a bellows connected with.

each actuator and acting when expanded to move its actuator so as to move said regulator one step, the two bellows moving in opposite (llIQCtIOIISSO as to move said regulator either forward or back depending upon which actuator is active, a chamber which supplies airto said pneumatics and bellows,

an electrically actuated valve for each pneumatic; and bellows governing the sup ly' of air from the chamber thereto, an e ectromagnet controlling each valve, circuit connections between the magnet for each bel- Y lows and the corresponding actuator, the circuit therethrough being closed by the actuator coming into contact with the regulator and a stop limiting the movement of each bellows; and two automatically controlled circuits each of whichincludes one of the magnets which governs the pneumatic which acts to bring the corresponding actuator into contact with the regulator.

8. An automatically played organ having shades, and means for moving said shades, in combination with automatic shadere lating mechanism comprising a mova le electric terminals for the shades in communlregulator adapted to cooperate variably with said shade-movingmeans, and actuating means for moving-the regulator in oppoit inopposite directions, and two primary pneumatics, each controlled through one of ,the special holes in the tracker and cooperating with one of the motors to govern its action, successive movements of each pneumatic through the repetition of apertures in the note sheet registering with the corresponding special hole acting to effect repeatedly the action of the corresponding motor thereby moving the shade regulator step by ste'pin one direction.

10. An automatically played organ havmg selectors and a shade regulator, certain v of said selectors controlling said regulator,

in combination with an advancing motor and a retracting motor cooperating independently withsaid regulator to move it in opposite directions, each motor being rendered active through oneof the shade regulator controlling selectors, successive actions of each of such selectors serving to efi'ect repeatedly the action of the corresponding motor thereby moving the shade regulator step by step in one direction.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name. 7

WILLIAM E. HASKELL. 

